How Does Medication For ADHD Work?
Stimulants increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine within your brain, which can improve attention and impulse control. They are available in both immediate-release (short acting) and extended release tablets, which are taken every day in the morning.
Nonstimulant medications can improve attention and impulse management however they require more time to work. Atomoxetine, Viloxazine and guanfacine are antidepressants that raise levels of norepinephrine.
Stimulants
Most commonly prescribed ADHD medications include stimulants such as dexamphetamine, methylphenidate and the lisdexamfetamine. These drugs increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters help the prefrontal cortex, which controls the planning and organization of tasks. Stimulants reduce ADHD symptoms in 70 percent to 80% children and adults who use them. These symptoms include fidgeting, talking over other people, forgetfulness and difficulties working through or working on tasks. The medications can also reduce social problems such as not being in a position to listen to others and having difficulty keeping promises.
The medication starts working once it has crossed the blood-brain barrier, which takes between 45 to 60 minutes. medication for adult add is why patients notice changes in their brains almost immediately. For children, a physician may use an "start low and then increase" approach and gradually increase the dosage over three or four weeks. During this period, teachers and parents can provide feedback about whether the medication is helping. GPs can assess the effects of medication using scales such as the Connor Global Index score, which measures a child's performance against other kids of the same age and gender without ADHD.
The doctor will discuss with the patient and their family members about the risks, benefits and side effects associated with different medications. It is crucial to speak the truth, particularly in the event that you don't experience any improvement with your medication. The GP will then suggest a different treatment option.
Non-stimulant drugs
ADHD can be treated with various other medication. Certain are antidepressants, like bupropion (Wellbutrin) that helps by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine, and other older drugs like tricyclics. They are less likely to cause adverse reactions than stimulants, however they may take an extended time to take effect.
Disorders of the psychiatric spectrum
Disorders of the mind, such as depression and anxiety, may be co-occurring with ADHD and make it harder for patients to get the best results from their medication. In many instances, a physician will treat the mood disorder and review their patient.
Abuse
Stimulant medications can be abused especially among teens and adolescents, who often take them for their energy-boosting or weight-loss properties. They are also prone to abuse by those who have an alcohol or drug abuse, or with a family or personal history of mental health issues such as bipolar disorder.
It can be frustrating to not notice immediate results from ADHD medication. But it is important to remember that a majority of patients will have to try various types of medications before finding one that offers relief from their symptoms. It's also important to stick to the medication for as long as you can, and keep up regular visits to your GP to monitor progress and watch for side effects. The GP will determine whether a dosage increase is necessary or if it's time to change medications. GPs can assist in identifying the behavioral and lifestyle changes that could enhance the effect of medication.