Non Prescription ADHD Medication
For many people suffering from ADHD, the first step towards treatment is medication. Medication can aid in improving concentration and reduce the likelihood of impulsivity.
The most commonly used medication for ADHD is stimulants. They work by increasing levels of neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. They come in both short-acting and longer-acting versions.
1. Stimulants
Many people suffering from ADHD take stimulant medications which increase dopamine as well as norepinephrine levels within the brain. These medications aid them in being able to concentrate, pay attention and control impulses. They may also help decrease the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Doctors prescribe them in a variety of forms, from liquid chewable tablets to extended-release capsules which can last for up to 16 hours. Long-lasting drugs can help to prevent "ups and downs" throughout the day, but certain people may require supplementation with a short-acting medicine in the afternoon or evening.
Stimulants can cause adverse reactions such as heart palpitations, changes to vision and ringing in the ear. They can also alter appetite and raise blood pressure. They also can have long-term effects on the developing brains of children and teens This is the reason doctors are cautious when prescribing them.
Amphetamines, which is a kind of stimulant, are legally prescribed as an ADHD medication and may help people concentrate better. They are in the form of amphetamines, and are usually taken orally in powder or tablet form however they can be injected or smoked. People without ADHD may use them for weight loss or to boost their energy. They are more likely to be misused. People with eating disorders may also use them to help with their illness.
The NSDUH survey does not require specific brands or types, but rather if a person has ever used prescription ADHD stimulants in a non-medical manner. This could lead to an underestimation of people who take substances other than those prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD. This does not provide information about the motivation for the use of drugs. This is important.
Some people with ADHD can cut down on their use of stimulants that are not medically prescribed by coordinating their time and activities in a different manner, and making sure they are able to spend time with family and relaxation. Other people find relief by exploring natural alternatives to medication such as oligomeric prosanthocyanidins (OPCs). They are biochemical compounds that can be found in plant extracts, such as green tea, pine bark and grape. Greenblatt has seen patients regain their ability to write after taking OPC supplements.
2. Ritalin
Ritalin (methylphenidate) is a central nervous system stimulant that is prescribed to treat attention-deficit disorder that affects adults and children alike. It works by increasing levels of neurotransmitters (chemicals) in the brain, helping people focus and concentrate. Typically, the drug is taken orally, but it can also be injectable. The misuse of the drug could cause an extreme addiction, both psychological and physical. Injection users are susceptible to a range of complications, including blood-borne diseases such as HIV Hepatitis B and C due to insoluble fillers which can block small vessels. The abuse of this medication has been linked to psychotic episodes.
The majority of ADHD medications help to reduce symptoms such as hyperactivity and impulsivity by altering the way neurotransmitters are utilized in the body. They can also help improve concentration and focus, decrease fidgeting and other distracting behavior and improve the ability to stick to the plan or task. Doctors may prescribe a variety of medication to manage ADHD, and they'll collaborate with patients to determine the most appropriate dosage and schedule for each patient.
Many people experience side effects from the use of stimulants to treat ADHD. They are typically moderate, but they can also include stomach upsets, headaches; fast heartbeat; trouble sleeping, dry mouth and changes in blood pressure. The symptoms usually go away by themselves or after a few days when the body has become familiar with the medication. Some people can develop tolerance to the drugs and they require a higher dose for the same effect. This can lead into addiction and withdrawal symptoms if the dose is suddenly decreased or even stopped.
When you are taking stimulants, it is important to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking, particularly those that treat depression or sleep disorders, because they may interact with this group of drugs. You should also provide a list of all the foods, drinks and herbal remedies that you are using. This information will help your doctor to select the right medication that doesn't disrupt your current treatment.
3. Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are synthetic drugs that cause mild to severe depression of the nerves inside the brain (central nervous system) and sedation. They work by enhancing the effects of gamma aminobutyric acid, a neurotransmitter that nerves in your brain use to send messages to each other. Increasing medication for adults with add of GABA slows down your brain's activity and benzodiazepines may help with seizures and anxiety.
The medications in this class include alprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium), and Clobazam (Onfi, Sympazane). These medications can be extremely addictive and can cause a breathing problems that could cause a coma or even death. This is particularly true when they are combined with alcohol or other depressants, such as opioid painkillers. If you stop taking them too soon they can cause severe withdrawal symptoms. Due to their possibility of abuse, it is advised to keep benzodiazepines locked in a box and only take them as directed by your doctor.
These medications are typically utilized "off-label" for ADHD, meaning they're not endorsed by the FDA to treat this condition. However, studies have shown that they are effective for certain people who are unable to get relief from stimulants or don't tolerate these drugs well. They do not cause or worsen the tics associated with Tourette syndrome. They can be administered to children as young 6 years old.
Be aware that benzodiazepines may increase suicidal thoughts or actions in some children, teenagers and adults in the course of treatment or within a short time after treatment has begun. Speak to your provider about any concerns you may have or if you have a history of suicide in your family. Inform your doctor about all medications that you or your child is taking such as vitamins and over-the counter supplements. Some can interact with benzodiazepines and cause dangerous side effects. Your provider will recommend the appropriate medication and treatment plan for you or your children. Be patient and follow the plan. It may take some time to see the results. Some people must continue taking benzodiazepines for the course of a long time. Medications in this class are usually used in combination with other treatments to enhance the relief of symptoms. This is especially common for adults who are unable to tolerate stimulants.
4. Atomoxetine
This medication is a selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitor that works by increasing the amount of this brain chemical to regulate impulses and increase concentration. It is usually used as a part of a treatment plan for ADHD and can be employed on its own or in conjunction with other drugs. It can also be effective for those suffering from co-morbid conditions such as depression or anxiety. Atomoxetine can be purchased as liquid or capsules and should be taken daily with the aid of a glass of fluid. Side effects are typically moderate, but they may include headaches and abdominal pain in adolescents and children. In the case of a more severe reaction, such as suicidal thoughts or an allergic reaction, seek emergency medical care immediately.
It could take up to two months for atomoxetine's full effect to be felt. It is usually recommended for children at risk of consuming stimulants and for adults with multiple disorders. According to one study the medication is particularly effective in those with the inattentive type of ADHD.
It is not effective for all patients with adolescent onset ADHD or those suffering from comorbid tics and/or anxiety. This medication is not recommended for patients with a family history of pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal glands or glaucoma. Before taking atomoxetine, it is essential to inform your doctor of any other health issues you may have.
Nonstimulant medicines are an option for people who cannot take stimulant drugs because of heart disease or glaucoma. According to the Child Mind Institute these medications work by altering chemicals in certain brain regions. They are approved for children as young as teenagers and adults. Some of these medicines include clonidine (Kapvay) and guanfacine (ER) (Intuniv).
These medications can cause side effects such as increased blood pressure and sinus tachycardia. Also, medication for adult adhd could interfere with other medications your child is taking. They can also interact with certain medication for anxiety and depression.